Cities of Migration

Abstract Cities are often the main hubs or portals for migration. They places where people leave from, and they first arrive at, after their migration journey, either to settle move on. also diversities mobilities become most manifest. Built into cross-roads of ancient trade routes, cities have been centres encounters between many cultures since times. In past, attracted internal migrants from rural areas, while nowadays, shaped by a long history international For instance, development such as New York London cannot be understood without taking account histories. Indeed, in developing countries like Russia, China, South Africa, Nigeria, urbanisation is still ongoing; both rural-urban periphery-centre migrants, together with capital city urban centres, this magnetism turn shapes diversity landscapes.